Influence of Various Grades of Carbon Black on the Properties of Oil and Petrol Lowtemperature Resistant Rubbers

Abstract

The effect of carbon black (CB) of different indicators of dispersion and structure, grades N330, N550, P 705 and a combination of N220 and T900 on the properties of oil and petrol lowtemperature resistant rubbers based on BNKS-18AMN nitrile butadiene was studied. The glass transition temperature Тс of rubbers was determined by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC204F1, Germany). The lowest Тс = – 67 ºС has rubber with active CB N330. It also has the lowest temperature brittleness limit (Тхр = – 67 ºС), the best degree of dispersion (95,28%) in rubber, the best resistance to thermal aging, the effects of petroleum products as well as the optimal set of processing and physical and mechanical properties. The highest Тс = – 60 ºС has rubber filled with CB N550. These data do not completely agree with the ideas about the effect of CB activity on the frost resistance of rubbers and are possibly associated with the structure of the vulcanization network. By the method of dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) (DMA 242 E Artemis, Germany) was also studied the temperature dependence of the real part of the complex modulus of elasticity of rubbers E’, filled with different grades of CB. This gives an idea of ​​the nature of the transition of rubber from a glassy to a highly elastic state and makes it possible to judge about the work capacity of products under the action of mechanical dynamic loads. It has been established that rubber samples, where CB grades N550, P 705 and a combination of N220 with T900 were used as fillers, also meet the requirements for rubbers of climatic modification for cold climate, and can be used for products operated in the Arctic, depending on their technical requirements.