Application of the Method of Mechanochemical Halide Modification Initiated by Swelling Pressure to Obtain a Chlorine-Containing Diene Elastomer

Abstract

The mechanochemical halide modification (HM) of synthetic isoprene rubber SKI-3 initiated by swelling pressure has been studied. HM was
carried out in a 15% solution of the M1 modifier in a medium of a combined organic solvent (a mixture of benzene and nephras in a ratio of
1:9). The effect of carbon black K-354 on HM was investigated. It was found that when magnesium oxide is added to a rubber mixture based on
rubbers subjected to HM, a metal oxide mechanism of their vulcanization is realized. Plastoelastic and vulcanization characteristics of rubber
mixtures after HM were determined at a temperature of 170 °C in a non-rotor shear rheometer with a sealed chamber (Monsanto rheometer,
Monsanto). The effect of HM on the segmental mobility of modified rubbers was studied by EPR spectroscopy (automated EPR-B spectrometer,
Institute of Biochemical Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences). The position and content of chlorine atoms after HM were determined
by IR spectroscopy (IR Fourier spectrometer, Perkin Elmer Spectrum 100). The role of the chlorine atom in HM is under discussion. According
to the relevant standards, changes in the physical and mechanical properties of vulcanized rubbers based on rubbers exposed to HM, their
resistance to the effects of aliphatic solvents and to thermal oxidative degradation were determined. The improvement of these properties is
shown. As a result, modified isoprene rubber of number of chloroprene rubber properties was obtained. It was also shown that the presence
of carbon black K-354 had no effect on HM.